The difference of each kind of protective clothing and the application occasion

Isolation gown

Clothing means protective equipment used to protect medical personnel from contamination of blood, body fluids and other infectious substances, or to protect employees from infection. Isolation clothing should open back, can cover all clothing and exposed skin. It is often used in the operation where blood and body fluids may be splashed, when in contact with patients with infectious diseases spread by contact and patients with multi-drug resistant bacteria; And for patients with extensive burns, bone marrow transplants and other protective isolation. Now the clinical use of isolation clothes for cloth material, usually can not be worn once that is discarded.

For example,

1. When cleaning up the vomit of HIV infected persons, medical staff may be at risk of being contaminated by the vomit of HIV infected persons, so they need to wear gloves and isolation clothing.

2. Multiple drug-resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), resistant to carbon penicillium alkene (CRE), and other enterobacteriaceae bacteria transmitted mainly for contact transmission, so patients should be single multi-resistant bacteria isolation or same pathogens were centrally, close operations such as sputum suction, endotracheal intubation should wear protective goggles, could contaminate work clothes to wear protective clothing.

3. There is a low risk of blood and body fluid exposure in the morning care for patients with diabetes and HBV, so it is not necessary to wear isolation clothing.

Disposable surgical garment

At present, China has not promulgated national or industrial standards for disposable surgical gowns. What can be referred to is the Guiding Principles for Technical Examination for the Registration of Disposable Operating Gowns (No. 187 [2011] of Food and Drug Administration) issued by the State Food and Drug Administration. According to the guidelines, disposable gown was divided into standard performance and high performance, high performance gown is applicable to patients with known infectious virus in the blood or emergency rescue unknown whether infectious virus in the blood during an operation, while the standard performance gown is applicable to patients with known surgery without infectious virus in the blood.

For example

Source of exposure to the AIDS terminal patients, occupational exposure with high infectivity, surgery for patients with advanced AIDS, surgeons should take the corresponding protective measures, including wear resistant infiltration function of gown or waterproof apron wearing gloves, medical surgical masks, goggles, wear protection, to avoid HIV occupational exposure.

Disposable surgical gowns can be an alternative to isolation gowns

Disposable operating gown made of non-woven fabric has good anti-penetration barrier function and bacteria-resistance performance to liquid, and can form a reliable protective barrier. Although cotton isolation clothes can block a certain amount of microorganisms in the dry state, but in the blood or wet state of the pathogen will penetrate through the liquid isolation clothes, lose the ability to protect. From the comparison of protective ability, disposable surgical clothing is better than isolation clothing, so it can be used instead of isolation clothing.

Due to the high cost of disposable surgical garments and the environmental protection problems caused by their use as medical waste, it is not recommended to routinely use disposable surgical garments instead of isolation garments, and they can be used selectively according to different operations.

Disposable protective clothing

Disposable protective clothing refers to the disposable protective equipment worn by clinical medical personnel when they come into contact with Class A infectious disease patients or those under the management of Class A infectious disease. Protective clothing should be waterproof, antistatic, filter efficiency, no skin irritation, easy to take off, tight joints, elastic cuffs and ankles, etc. Protective clothing should be worn under the following circumstances: ① Clinical medical personnel should be in contact with Class A infectious diseases or patients under the management of Class A infectious diseases. (2) Contact with airborne or droplet transmitted infectious diseases, may be infected by the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions, excreta splashing.

According to the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, infectious diseases are divided into Class A, Class B and Class C, among which Class A infectious diseases include plague and cholera. The prevention and control measures of A infectious diseases should also be taken to B infectious diseases such as SARS, pulmonary anthrax and human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza.

For example

1. Respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a kind of in the Middle East by will be coronavirus (respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the Middle East) caused by respiratory infectious diseases, respiratory syndrome coronavirus in the Middle East is a zoonotic viruses, the vast majority of the main route of transmission in the medical institutions for droplet transmission, can also be spread by close contact with the patient's discharge or waste. In order to prevent occupational exposure due to the splash of blood, body fluids and secretions during endotracheal intubation in patients with suspected MERS, medical staff should wear protective clothing.

2. Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the infection of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. The source of infection may be poultry carrying the avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. People get the infection through respiratory transmission or close contact with the secretions or feces of infected birds. Medical staff do not touch respiratory secretions of patients, there is no operation to produce aerosols, and there is no need to wear protective clothing when conducting consultations with patients infected with H7N9 avian influenza.